How do I use the function keys on my Windows laptop?

Function keys are the F1 to F12 keys in the top row of a keyboard. They can also have secondary functions such as adjusting volume, brightness and displays.

Primary & Secondary functions and how to switch between the two

Note: There is no common layout of function keys. Different laptops and laptop models will have different functions on the F1 to F12 keys.

Primary functions

Typically the prominent icon on a function key, eg. the icon shows in the same colour as the rest of the keys and/or is central and/or shows clearer, is the function that will happen when you press that key.

Secondary functions

If you wish to use the other function that displays on the same key then press the fn key down (bottom left in the image above) with the function key.

Note: There is a way to switch over which are the primary and secondary functions. If you would like them the other way around or if some functions do not work, please raise a support ticket.


Example 1: Change the audio

In the image above, the mute, volume down, volume up and mute microphone keys are on the F1, F2, F3 and F4 keys.

  • Press one of these keys to mute your sound, increase or decrease the volume or mute your  microphone.
  • Hold fn and press the same key again to use it as...
    • F1: eg. to open the help menu
    • F2: eg. to rename selected file or folder in Windows Explorer
    • F3: eg. to activate the search bar in Windows Explorer
    • F4: eg. to close an active windows or programme which pressing with the Alt key

Example 2: Change the brightness

In the image above, the keyboard backlight and screen brightness keys (highlighted in green) are on the F5, F6, F7 keys.

  • Press one of these keys to turn the keyboard backlight on/off, increase or decrease the screen brightness
  • Hold fn and press the same key again to use it as...
    • F5: eg. to refresh
    • F6: eg. to open the help menu
    • F7: eg. to rename selected file or folder in Windows Explorer

Example 3: Change the display

In the image above, the display key (highlighted in purple) is on the F8 key.

  • Press this key to duplicate, extend or turn off a connected screen
  • Hold fn and press the same key again to use it as F8 instead, eg. for selection mode to allow you to select text more easily in Microsoft Word